Philemon 1:12 says, Whom I have sent again: thou therefore receive him, that is, mine own bowels: Paul told Philemon that even though Onesimus had been a help to him, he was sending him to Philemon once more since Philemon was his master. He asked that Philemon receive him as though he was Paul’s own son. Paul did not just allow Onesimus to remain with him even though he might have wanted to, but he did what would leave the decision up to Philemon. Since we are servants of Christ, we should do what is best for Him when we interact with other Christians instead of just wanting what we think is best for us. We must leave their calling to service up to God.
Verse thirteen adds, Whom I would have retained with me, that in thy stead he might have ministered unto me in the bonds of the gospel: As just discussed, Paul said he would have rather kept Onesimus with him that he might have continued to minister with him in the bonds of the gospel in Philemon's place. The implication was that Philemon himself could have been there to support Paul, but since he couldn’t then Onesimus could have served in his place. We really can’t serve in anyone else’s place in spreading the gospel, but if we can’t go to a certain place, we should be willing to support those who can and are called to do so, even if they are someone we would like to keep with us.
Verse fourteen continues, But without thy mind would I do nothing; that thy benefit should not be as it were of necessity, but willingly. Paul said that without Philemon’s agreement to allow Onesimus to remain with him, he could do nothing, since he would only allow Onesimus to remain with Philemon’s blessing. We may desire to keep someone close to us to help us as we do God’s work today, but we must leave the decision up to God.
Verse fifteen states, For perhaps he therefore departed for a season, that thou shouldest receive him for ever; Paul said that possibly Onesimus left Philemon for a season so that he could return to him forever willingly to serve him. We as Christians, servants of God, may leave serving him out of rebellion for a while, but if we do, we need to return to him willing so that we might be profitable to him once more.
Verse sixteen adds, Not now as a servant, but above a servant, a brother beloved, specially to me, but how much more unto thee, both in the flesh, and in the Lord? Paul said that Onesimus would return not just as a servant but as a brother in Christ. He asked how much more Onesimus would be worth both as a servant and a brother in the faith. No matter what our relationship might be with other Christians in the eyes of the world today, we are all brothers and sisters in Christ.
Verse seventeen continues, If thou count me therefore a partner, receive him as myself. Paul said that if Philemon regarded Paul as a partner to receive Onesimus as he would receive Paul. We should always receive or view all Christians as equals, no matter what their standing might be in the world.
Verse eighteen concludes, If he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee ought, put that on mine account; Paul told Philemon that if Onesimus owed him anything to put it on Paul’s account. Jesus Christ put all that we owed as a sacrifice for sin on His account, so we should not think that anyone else is in anyway indebted to us for their salvation.